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Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS), Arm Up

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Thoracic outlet syndrome, a nonspecific diagnosis representing many conditions that involve the neurovascular structures that pass through the thoracic outlet. Compression of this area causes a constellation of symptoms, which can include upper extremity pallor, paresthesia, weakness, muscle atrophy, and pain, and manifests when pressure in the thoracic outlet increase to the point of impinging vessels or nerves. Surgical intervention for TOS is indicated for patients who have failed conservative management.

Designed using real patient imaging scans and the latest 3D printing technologies, in collaboration with Mayo Clinic.

Dimensions & Features

100%: 5.2in x 8.5in x 8.7in

About the Condition

What Is Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)?

The thoracic outlet is a narrow space between the collarbone (clavicle) and the first rib. Nerves and blood vessels run from the chest to the arm through this space. 

Certain health problems can cause the collarbone to slip down and forward. This narrows the thoracic outlet and puts pressure on the nerves and blood vessels here. The symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) vary depending on the cause and may include pain, tingling or numbness in the neck, shoulder, arms and hands. Other symptoms include cold hands, sores that don’t heal well or a weak grip, as a result of poor circulation.

What Causes Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)?

TOS can develop as a result of obesity, anatomical defects and pregnancy, as well as from repetitive arm and shoulder movements common in sports or some professions. Other causes include having an extra rib, a long neck or an abnormally tight musculature between the spine and the ribs. Many people with the syndrome have a previous injury to the area.

How Is It Treated?

Treatment typically includes physical therapy, discontinuing repetitive movements that aggravate the condition, or, in the case of obesity, weight loss. If those treatments aren’t effective, thoracic outlet decompression surgery may be performed. 

In some cases, thoracic outlet syndrome causes a blood clot to form in the veins of the arm, blocking the flow of blood. The clot may move to the lungs (pulmonary embolism) or elsewhere in the body. Treatment with blood thinners to prevent clotting or a procedure to remove the clot using a thin tube (catheter) inserted through a vein may be required.

Benefits of 3D Printing

3D-printed anatomy models offer a variety of advantages for surgical planning, patient education and medical research, including:

∙ Greater accuracy and detail than traditional anatomical models. 3D-printed models are created from digital scans of a patient's anatomy, which ensures that they are as close as possible to an exact replica of real human anatomy.

∙ More versatility than traditional anatomical models. 3D-printed models can be customized to meet your specific needs, whether planning a complex surgical procedure, training with real patient data or facilitating personalized patient communication.

Not limited to standard manufacturing, 3DP provides the best opportunity to produce accurate models in natural organic shapes, sizes, and colors; creating the best representation of real human anatomy.

Why Buy With Us

  • All models are designed and produced in collaboration with Mayo Clinic 3D Anatomical Modeling Laboratories.

  • GPI Anatomicals is a leading provider of anatomical models for medical education and research, with a 40-year history of innovation and its products are used by healthcare professionals around the world.

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Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS), Arm Up

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Thoracic outlet syndrome, a nonspecific diagnosis representing many conditions that involve the neurovascular structures that pass through the thoracic outlet. Compression of this area causes a constellation of symptoms, which can include upper extremity pallor, paresthesia, weakness, muscle atrophy, and pain, and manifests when pressure in the thoracic outlet increase to the point of impinging vessels or nerves. Surgical intervention for TOS is indicated for patients who have failed conservative management.

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